REcovery and SURvival of patients with moderate to severe acute REspiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) due to COVID-19: a multicenter, single-arm, Phase IV itolizumab Trial: RESURRECT.

BACKGROUND: Itolizumab, an anti-CD6 monoclonal antibody, down-regulates COVID-19-mediated inflammation and the acute effects of cytokine release syndrome. This study aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of itolizumab in hospitalized COVID-19 patients with PaO2/FiO2 ratio (PFR) ≤200 requiring oxygen therapy. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: This multicenter, single-arm, Phase 4 study enrolled 300 hospitalized adults with SARS-CoV-2 infection, PFR ≤200, oxygen saturation ≤94%, and ≥1 elevated inflammatory markers from 17 COVID-19 specific tertiary Indian hospitals. Patients received 1.6 mg/kg of itolizumab infusion, were assessed for 1 month, and followed-up to Day 90. Primary outcome measures included incidence of severe acute infusion-related reactions (IRRs) (≥Grade-3) and mortality rate at 1 month. RESULTS: Incidence of severe acute IRRs was 1.3% and mortality rate at 1 month was 6.7% (n = 20/300). Mortality rate at Day 90 was 8.0% (n = 24/300). By Day 7, most patients had stable/improved SpO2 without increasing FiO2 and by Day 30, 91.7% patients were off oxygen therapy. Overall, 63 and 10 patients, respectively, reported 123 and 11 treatment-emergent adverse events up to Days 30 and 90. No deaths were attributable to itolizumab. Patient-reported outcomes showed gradual and significant improvement for all five dimensions on EQ-5D-5L. CONCLUSION: Itolizumab demonstrated acceptable safety with a favorable prognosis in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. CLINICAL TRIAL REGISTRATION: CTRI/2020/09/027941 (Clinical Trials Registry of India).

Final overall survival analysis of the phase 3 HERITAGE study demonstrates equivalence of trastuzumab-dkst to trastuzumab in HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer.

PURPOSE: The phase 3 HERITAGE trial demonstrated that the biosimilar trastuzumab-dkst is well tolerated with similar efficacy (measured by overall response rate [ORR] and progression-free survival [PFS]) compared with originator trastuzumab combined with taxane followed by monotherapy in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer (MBC). Herein, we present final overall survival (OS) from HERITAGE. METHODS: HERITAGE is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group study. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive trastuzumab-dkst or trastuzumab plus taxane followed by continued monotherapy until disease progression. Overall survival was to be assessed at 36 months or after 240 deaths, whichever occurred first, as observed from time of randomization of last patient. RESULTS: At the final analysis (36 months), 242 patients in the intention-to-treat population had died during the study: 116 and 124 in the trastuzumab-dkst and trastuzumab groups, respectively, and 1 untreated patient from each treatment group. Median OS by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 35.0 months with trastuzumab-dkst and 30.2 months with trastuzumab. Evaluation of PFS showed a median of 11.1 months in both treatment groups. No new safety concerns were reported from week 48 until the end of the survival follow-up. CONCLUSION: This is the first phase 3 trial of a trastuzumab biosimilar to report long-term survival data similar to originator trastuzumab in patients with MBC. The comparable long-term OS between the trastuzumab-dkst and originator trastuzumab groups further supports the similarity of trastuzumab-dkst with originator trastuzumab and establishes trastuzumab-dkst as a safe and effective treatment option for patients with HER2-positive MBC. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02472964; 6/16/2015.

Correlation between week 24 trastuzumab-dkst response and week 48 progression-free survival: the HERITAGE trial.

BACKGROUND: Trastuzumab-dkst is a biosimilar of trastuzumab. The phase 3 HERITAGE trial demonstrated equivalent overall response rate (ORR) with trastuzumab-dkst or originator trastuzumab at 24 weeks in patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer receiving chemotherapy. We now present the correlation of ORR with progression-free survival (PFS) for maintenance monotherapy with trastuzumab-dkst vs trastuzumab at 48 weeks of treatment, and the safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity. METHODS: HERITAGE is a multicenter, double-blind, randomized, parallel-group, phase 3 study. Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive trastuzumab-dkst or trastuzumab in combination with taxane followed by continued monotherapy until disease progression. The analysis included PFS at 48 weeks to support the primary efficacy endpoint of ORR and safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of trastuzumab-dkst vs trastuzumab as maintenance monotherapy. RESULTS: Of 500 randomized patients, 342 entered the monotherapy phase; 214 patients received ≥48 weeks of treatment. There were no statistically significant differences between PFS, ORR, or interim overall survival at week 48 between trastuzumab-dkst and trastuzumab. Week 24 ORR was highly correlated with week 48 PFS (rb = 0.75). Cumulative treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and serious AEs were similar in both groups, with few grade ≥3 TEAEs. Immunogenicity was low and similar in both groups at 48 weeks. CONCLUSION: The correlation between ORR and PFS supports the design of first-line metastatic trials assessing biosimilar trastuzumab. Overall, trastuzumab-dkst and trastuzumab were well tolerated with similar efficacy, including ORR and PFS, in combination with a taxane followed by monotherapy.